Structure of the Operating System

 

1. GUI (Graphical User Interface)
   •   A type of user interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices visually.
2. System Call
   •   The interface for accessing the kernel of the operating system.
   •   Switches from user mode to kernel mode through a system call.
   •   Prevents direct access to computer resources and protects programs.
   •   Uses a mode bit flag variable (0 = kernel mode, 1 = user mode).
3. Kernel
   •   The core part of the operating system that manages and controls the entire system.
   •   Communicates directly with hardware and resides in memory as the lifeline of the operating system.
   •   Provides the system call interface.
   •   Responsible for security, memory management, process scheduling, file systems, and I/O device management.
4. Driver
   •   Software used to control and operate hardware devices.