Memory refers to a device in electronic circuits that records data, state, or instructions.It is categorized into different types based on speed, volatility, and capacity: 1. RegisterLocated inside the CPU — smallest and fastest memory.VolatileFastest speedSmallest storage capacity2. *CacheRefers to L1, L2 cache.VolatileVery fast speedSmall storage capacity3. Main MemoryTypically refers to RAM...

Computer ArchitectureA computer consists of the following components:CPU (Central Processing Unit)DMA Controller (Direct Memory Access)Memory (Normally RAM, Random Access Memory)TimerDevice Controller CPUThe CPU (Central Processing Unit) is a computer component structured as follows:It is a worker that simply interprets and executes instructions stored in memory, triggered by *interrupts. When..

GUI (Graphical User Interface) A type of user interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices visually.System Call The interface for accessing the kernel of the operating system. Switches from user mode to kernel mode through a system call. Prevents direct access to computer resources and protects programs. Uses a mode bit flag variable (0 = kernel mode, 1 = user mode).Kerne..

유저 프로그램 - User Program하드웨어 - Hardware Structure of an Operating SystemGUI (Graphical User Interface)A type of user interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices visually.System Call_시스템콜The interface for accessing the kernel of the operating system.Switches from user mode to kernel mode through a system call.Prevents direct access to computer resources and protects programs.Use..

An Operating System (OS) is an interface that allows users to interact with a computer easily.It efficiently manages limited memory and system resources.A computer system consists of:HardwareOperating System (OS) to manage user programsCPUMemoryRoles of the Operating System1. CPU Scheduling and Process ManagementManages which process gets CPU ownershipHandles creation and deletion of processesAl..